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Microsoft GH-500 Exam Syllabus Topics:
Topic
Details
Topic 1
- Configure and use secret scanning: This domain targets DevOps Engineers and Security Analysts with the skills to configure and manage secret scanning. It includes understanding what secret scanning is and its push protection capability to prevent secret leaks. Candidates differentiate secret scanning availability in public versus private repositories, enable scanning in private repos, and learn how to respond appropriately to alerts. The domain covers alert generation criteria for secrets, user role-based alert visibility and notification, customizing default scanning behavior, assigning alert recipients beyond admins, excluding files from scans, and enabling custom secret scanning within repositories.
Topic 2
- Describe the GHAS security features and functionality: This section of the exam measures skills of Security Engineers and Software Developers and covers understanding the role of GitHub Advanced Security (GHAS) features within the overall security ecosystem. Candidates learn to differentiate security features available automatically for open source projects versus those unlocked when GHAS is paired with GitHub Enterprise Cloud (GHEC) or GitHub Enterprise Server (GHES). The domain includes knowledge of Security Overview dashboards, the distinctions between secret scanning and code scanning, and how secret scanning, code scanning, and Dependabot work together to secure the software development lifecycle. It also covers scenarios contrasting isolated security reviews with integrated security throughout the development lifecycle, how vulnerable dependencies are detected using manifests and vulnerability databases, appropriate responses to alerts, the risks of ignoring alerts, developer responsibilities for alerts, access management for viewing alerts, and the placement of Dependabot alerts in the development process.
Topic 3
- Describe GitHub Advanced Security best practices, results, and how to take corrective measures: This section evaluates skills of Security Managers and Development Team Leads in effectively handling GHAS results and applying best practices. It includes using Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) and Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) identifiers to describe alerts and suggest remediation, decision-making processes for closing or dismissing alerts including documentation and data-based decisions, understanding default CodeQL query suites, how CodeQL analyzes compiled versus interpreted languages, the roles and responsibilities of development and security teams in workflows, adjusting severity thresholds for code scanning pull request status checks, prioritizing secret scanning remediation with filters, enforcing CodeQL and Dependency Review workflows via repository rulesets, and configuring code scanning, secret scanning, and dependency analysis to detect and remediate vulnerabilities earlier in the development lifecycle, such as during pull requests or by enabling push protection.
Topic 4
- Configure and use Code Scanning with CodeQL: This domain measures skills of Application Security Analysts and DevSecOps Engineers in code scanning using both CodeQL and third-party tools. It covers enabling code scanning, the role of code scanning in the development lifecycle, differences between enabling CodeQL versus third-party analysis, implementing CodeQL in GitHub Actions workflows versus other CI tools, uploading SARIF results, configuring workflow frequency and triggering events, editing workflow templates for active repositories, viewing CodeQL scan results, troubleshooting workflow failures and customizing configurations, analyzing data flows through code, interpreting code scanning alerts with linked documentation, deciding when to dismiss alerts, understanding CodeQL limitations related to compilation and language support, and defining SARIF categories.
Topic 5
- Configure and use Dependabot and Dependency Review: Focused on Software Engineers and Vulnerability Management Specialists, this section describes tools for managing vulnerabilities in dependencies. Candidates learn about the dependency graph and how it is generated, the concept and format of the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM), definitions of dependency vulnerabilities, Dependabot alerts and security updates, and Dependency Review functionality. It covers how alerts are generated based on the dependency graph and GitHub Advisory Database, differences between Dependabot and Dependency Review, enabling and configuring these tools in private repositories and organizations, default alert settings, required permissions, creating Dependabot configuration files and rules to auto-dismiss alerts, setting up Dependency Review workflows including license checks and severity thresholds, configuring notifications, identifying vulnerabilities from alerts and pull requests, enabling security updates, and taking remediation actions including testing and merging pull requests.
Microsoft GitHub Advanced Security Sample Questions (Q59-Q64):
NEW QUESTION # 59
Which of the following information can be found in a repository's Security tab?
- A. GHAS settings
- B. Two-factor authentication (2FA) options
- C. Number of alerts per GHAS feature
- D. Access management
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Security tab in a GitHub repository provides a central location for viewing security-related information, especially when GitHub Advanced Security is enabled. The following can be accessed:
Number of alerts related to:
Code scanning
Secret scanning
Dependency (Dependabot) alerts
Summary and visibility into open, closed, and dismissed security issues.
It does not show 2FA options, access control settings, or configuration panels for GHAS itself. Those belong to account or organization-level settings.
NEW QUESTION # 60
When does Dependabot alert you of a vulnerability in your software development process?
- A. When a pull request adding a vulnerable dependency is opened
- B. As soon as a pull request is opened by a contributor
- C. As soon as a vulnerable dependency is detected
- D. When Dependabot opens a pull request to update a vulnerable dependency
Answer: C
Explanation:
Dependabot alerts are generated as soon as GitHub detects a known vulnerability in one of your dependencies. GitHub does this by analyzing your repository's dependency graph and matching it against vulnerabilities listed in the GitHub Advisory Database. Once a match is found, the system raises an alert automatically without waiting for a PR or manual action.
This allows organizations to proactively mitigate vulnerabilities as early as possible, based on real-time detection.
NEW QUESTION # 61
Which of the following is the most complete method for Dependabot to find vulnerabilities in third-party dependencies?
- A. The build tool finds the vulnerable dependencies and calls the Dependabot API
- B. Dependabot reviews manifest files in the repository
- C. A dependency graph is created, and Dependabot compares the graph to the GitHub Advisory database
- D. CodeQL analyzes the code and raises vulnerabilities in third-party dependencies
Answer: C
Explanation:
Dependabot builds a dependency graph by analyzing package manifests and lockfiles in your repository. This graph includes both direct and transitive dependencies. It then compares this graph against the GitHub Advisory Database, which includes curated, security-reviewed advisories.
This method provides a comprehensive and automated way to discover all known vulnerabilities across your dependency tree.
NEW QUESTION # 62
Which of the following formats are used to describe a Dependabot alert? (Each answer presents a complete solution. Choose two.)
- A. Vulnerability Exploitability exchange (VEX)
- B. Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
- C. Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)
- D. Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Dependabot alerts utilize standardized identifiers to describe vulnerabilities:
CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures): A widely recognized identifier for publicly known cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration): A category system for software weaknesses and vulnerabilities.
These identifiers help developers understand the nature of the vulnerabilities and facilitate the search for more information or remediation strategies.
NEW QUESTION # 63
You are a maintainer of a repository and Dependabot notifies you of a vulnerability. Where could the vulnerability have been disclosed? (Each answer presents part of the solution. Choose two.)
- A. In the National Vulnerability Database
- B. In the dependency graph
- C. In manifest and lock files
- D. In security advisories reported on GitHub
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Dependabot alerts are generated based on data from various sources:
National Vulnerability Database (NVD): A comprehensive repository of known vulnerabilities, which GitHub integrates into its advisory database.
GitHub Docs
Security Advisories Reported on GitHub: GitHub allows maintainers and security researchers to report and discuss vulnerabilities, which are then included in the advisory database.
The dependency graph and manifest/lock files are tools used by GitHub to determine which dependencies are present in a repository but are not sources of vulnerability disclosures themselves.
NEW QUESTION # 64
......
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